Symptoms And Treatment Implications Of Drugs And Post...

ï  ¶ Effects and Treatment implications: 1) Cannabis and post-traumatic stress disorder: Effects: The adjacent effects of taking cannabis include rapid heartbeat, bewilderment, and lack of physical coordination, often followed by depression or drowsiness. On the other hand Post-traumatic stress disorder causes short-term memory loss and can have long-term chronic psychological repercussions. Treatment implications: The most commonly accessed methods of treatment in New Zealand for cannabis are 12-step program, rehabilitation program, and detox services with inpatient and outpatient services. Brief cognitive- Behavioral therapy has the strongest evidence of success for adults with cannabis dependence and Treatment for post-traumatic stress disorders through psychotherapy includes helping the trauma become managed and integrated. Therapy for post-traumatic stress disorder originally focuses on coping and wellbeing, rebuilding a feeling of safety, relaxing the nervous system, and educating the person about what they are experiencing and why. 2) Alcohol and Schizophrenia: Effects: Short-term results of alcohol include memory loss, hangovers, and seizures. Long-term problems related with heavy drinking include stomach complaints, heart problems, cancer, brain damage, serious memory loss and liver cirrhosis. On the other hand Schizophrenia causes noteworthy disruptions to daily functioning. A schizophrenic person’s delusions, hallucinations, and disordered thoughts typicallyShow MoreRelatedThe Curent Understanding of the Neurobiology of Memory Reconsolidation and Its Implications for Psychology1863 Words   |  7 PagesThis essay is focusing on the current understanding of the neurobiology of memory reconsolidation and its implications for psychology. 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Combat-related PTSD stems from witnessing the suffering and death of others, and the exposure of destructionRead MorePtsd, The Price Of Freedom785 Words   |  4 PagesPTSD, the Price of Freedom Freedom bears a heavy price. Many soldiers pay with their lives, while others relive the sights, sounds, and terror of combat. Post-Traumatic Stress Disorder (PTSD) affects thousands of American veterans each year. Is PTSD simply a weakness, or is it an epidemic? Though historically, the validity of PTSD has been argued, the pain is real, and there is a diagnosis to prove it. Combat-related PTSD stems from witnessing the suffering and death of others, and the exposureRead MoreThe Epidemic Of Post Traumatic Stress Disorder Essay1694 Words   |  7 Pagesyou’re weak. This isn’t only a problem amongst returning veterans, but all citizens. The returning warrior shouldn’t have to go speak with someone about their feelings. This is a common utterance heard when veterans return. The epidemic of Post-Traumatic Stress Disorder (PTSD) amongst returning veterans, combined with the stigma of weakness and worthlessness for seeking help, is creating an almost impossible transition between military and civilian life. Not only are veterans experiencing issues withRead MoreCognitive Behavioral Therapy ( Cbt )1815 Words   |  8 Pagesmixed with behavioral therapy because of its form of problem solving. It is thought of as a self-help approach that is used to investigate an individual’s cognitive process along with their feelings and behavior. Research states that â€Å"Self-help treatments involve minimal cost, resources and disruption and as such are acceptable to the wider population† (Boyle et al., 2011). The goal of cognitive behavior therapy (CBT) is to redirect the patterns of cognitive thinking or actions that individuals find

Why I Should Go Home Now - 1257 Words

The cherry blossoms were blowing in the wind, the sun was peering through the clouds. As an only child, I always felt responsible for upholding the family honour. See my father was once an excellent warrior but after being injured in a war he has not fought since. My Mother always said, â€Å"Don’t worry about your father. Focus on marriage.† I never think I will ever be ready for marriage, I’m always told that I m clumsy. It was that time again where they see if i m ready for marriage. That morning my mother and I were looking for my special kimono. It was no where in the house. It came down to 10 minutes. Yet I still couldn’t find my kimono. Since I could not find it, I was forced to use my mother’s kimono. When I arrived, the lady just stared at me. I knew what she was about to say. â€Å"You’re late, I think you should go home now. Next time we see each other, to be on time. She’s said it about 5 times now. Hours passed and the sun was setting into the clouds. The wind started to pick up and it started to lightly rain. While I was getting ready for bed, I heard the doorbell ring. My father went to the door and was handed a letter reading, â€Å"The chinese army needs 1 man from every family to help in the war. Sincerely Emperor. When I heard the news, I almost cried, My father is too old and too sick to fight again. I don t want him to go to war but there is nothing I can do about it. I know I have to try and do something. Every possible way that I think of is runningShow MoreRelatedWomen s Rights Of Women Essay974 Words   |  4 PagesAs being modern women I think most women are feminist. We want to be seen as equals to males. The feminist meaning is to believe that a woman holds as much power as a man. This has been true for centuries....despite the male dominated societies. If you’re wondering what I mean well two examples of women who were feminist despite their time were Cleopatra and Rose the Riveter. 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Behavior Modification In My Life Free Essays

The three instances where I observe behaviorism in action is related to my home. I am a single parent of two. I have a son 21 and daughter 19 who still live at home. We will write a custom essay sample on Behavior Modification In My Life or any similar topic only for you Order Now We work as a team and behaving appropriately is imperative. Instance 1: Though my children are very close to me and share all aspects of their lives with me, they expect me to leave them alone when they are with their friends. I have observed all the time from their facial expressions and gestures that whenever their friends come to our house, they expect me to leave them alone and not be a part of their group at that point of time. In this instance, the attitude of my children forces me to behave in the way, I do. My interactions with their friends are limited to a few customary greetings. I don’t need anyone to tell me to go the other room, because I automatically head towards other portions of my house when the young guests are around. This is because â€Å"Many attitudes are so well established and so frequently used that people can express them and act on them without a second thought. † (Smith and Mackie, 2002, p. 249) Instance 2: Whenever any three of us are late, the other two expects the late comer to inform how much time would he/she take to return back home and whether it would be possible for him/her to take the dinner with the family. In this instance the principle of commitment guide us to behave the way we do. Smith and Mackie rightly observed, â€Å"It’s not only our commitments to others that leads us†¦. Our commitment to maintaining a positive view of ourselves helps too. † (2000, p. 392) By keeping other members of our group informed, all the three of us not only reduce other members’ anxiety but also make them know how caring we are. This may cause each one of us some discomfort like talking on the mobile while driving, which is certainly not an acceptable behavior or excusing ourselves from an important lecture for a while which means loosing some precious moments, but we do it any way. Hence in order to project ourselves in a certain manner we slightly go out of the way which is unacceptable from not only the point of view of common norms but to our inner self too. Instance 3: Each one of us expect the other two members of our families to do their share of work and not overload just one person for the upkeep of the house. Though my daughter does not particularly like cleaning her room or washing the clothes, she does it half-heartedly. In this instance, the behavioral principle of obedience forces her to behave in a certain manner which she somewhat dislikes. She routinely engages in the cleaning activities, which strengthens the viewpoint that she is submitting to authority. In this case that authority is not only me, the parent but also the way in which we as a family are expected to behave to make life easier for each other. She does not want to loose the sanctity of a quiet and well-behaved family of ours by her regular cribbing about the activities she dislikes. Thus she abides by the rules of the family. The impact of behaviorism in popular culture has both negative and positive implications. We behave in a certain manner because we see others behaving in that manner. In the words of Mixon, â€Å"†¦behavior is the product of association. † (para. 11) Hence when we see others behaving properly we automatically follow their behavior. For example we don’t speak in a library when all the others are quiet. This is a positive implication of behaviorism. However we fall prey to bad behavior too, by seeing others. For example it is not good to litter a park but we don’t follow rules when we are in a park, where we see others have already littered it. This is a negative implication of behaviorism. Hence behaviorism conditions us and we get conditioned in both positive and negative ways. References Smith, E. R. , Mackie, D. M. (2 Ed. ). (2000) Social Psychology. USA: Psychology Press. Wagner, K. V. (2008). Retrieved Jan. 21, 2007 from http://psychology. about. com/od/behavioralpsychology/f/behaviorism. htm Mixon, C. (2008). Retrieved Jan. 21, 2007 from http://www. barkingdogs. net/bmod. shtml How to cite Behavior Modification In My Life, Papers

Carribean Internet Cafe free essay sample

Caribbean Intern Cafe Date: November 14, 2012 1. There are many issues that Mr. Grant should consider before proceeding with the CIC. There are several things that Mr. Grant should examine before even looking at the projections given to him. Total capital is $2,250,000, $1,000,000 in investments and $1,250,000 in the form of a long-term loan. $1,573,000 is immediately spent leaving $677,000. If he has no customers, he can afford to remain open for 3 months. As well, they are not attractive to individuals who seek to use the Internet for longer periods of time and the customer base that they are attempting to attract is the more affluent and educated of the population. They are also the most likely to either already own a computer or will be purchasing a computer in the near future. Mr. Grant must have a business plan that is either for the short-term or able to readily adapt to future circumstances as he expects private usage to increase in 3 years. We will write a custom essay sample on Carribean Internet Cafe or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page Mr. Grant should also examine factors external to his business. These issues include his mention of the relatively low demand for coffee in Jamaica as well as changes in levels of private Internet usage. His management plan should include contingencies to replace coffee if it is not making a profit as well as plans for the computer area when future demands for Internet cafe’s start to decrease. A final issue that Mr. Grant should also examine is the terms of agreement for the long-term loan. If CIC is very profitable they may want to pay off the loan as quickly as possible instead of incurring unnecessary interest. 2. The fixed costs remain constant within a relative range of finished products produced. The fixed costs amount to an annual rate of $2,479,400 and the break down of each fixed cost is shown in Appendix 1. The fixed costs include the manager, employees, rent, telephone and utilities, link to Internet, insurance, advertising, interest on loan and miscellaneous administration and maintenance fees. The start up costs amount to a one-time fee of $1,573,000 and the breakdown of each cost is shown in Appendix 2. It should be noted that in all cases start-up costs were amortized in the first ear. The variable costs are those that are accrued on a per customer basis and are shown in Appendix 3. This amounts to a weighted average Variable Cost of $104 per customer. 3. The costs of the first customer may be calculated by adding the fixed costs, start-up costs and variable costs for the first customer. The variable cost was calculated using a weighted average of based on the estimated usage of th e Internet. Assuming that the fixed costs are calculated on an annual basis and are set for the entire year then the cost for the first customer will be $4,052,504. . The contribution margin may be calculated for each customer as: C/M = R – VC. A weighted average was used because it is estimated that 40% of the customers will use the computer thereby increasing variable profit by $60 ($120 revenue, $60 variable cost). A breakdown of the variable costs and revenue are shown in Appendix 4. The contribution margin is $144 per customer. 5. In order for the CIC to break even they must cover their fixed costs, variable costs and start-up costs. This can be solved using the formula: B/E Pt. (Fixed cost + Start-up cost) / contribution margin B/E Pt. = (2479400 + 1,573,000) / 144 B/E Pt. = 28,142 Therefore, they will need to have 28,142 customers that at minimum meet their average consumption expectations of computer usage, food and beverages in order to reach their break even point i n the first year. 6. Using the same formula as question 5, except that there are no longer any start-up costs but fixed costs ($2479400) and contribution margin ($144) remain the same so Mr. Grant will require 17,219 customers in order to reach his break-even point for the second year. . Based on the projected given to him we can calculated the expected contribution from each scenario (Table 1). Scenario| Customers| Net Contribution (Revenue–Variable costs)| Optimistic| 50000| $7,200,000| Realistic| 24,000| $3,456,000| Pessimistic| 12,000| $1,728,000| As Internet usage becomes more common competition will increase and his business plan will most likely have to be reviewed. Therefore, in the first three years Mr. Grant should expect to make a significant profit in these years for the project to be worthwhile. Projected net profits (losses) for each scenario are shown in Table 2. Scenario| Year 1 ($)| Year 2 ($)| Year 3 ($)| Total ($)| Optimistic| 3,147,600| 4,720,600| 4,720,600| 12,588,800| Realistic| (596,400)| 976,600| 976,600| 1,356,800| Pessimistic| (2,324,400)| (751,400)| (751,400)| (3,827,200)| Table 2 shows the net profit (loss) for the first 3 years based on each scenario. All start-up costs are paid for in full in the first year only. Based on this these scenarios Mr. Grant would have a very difficult decision to make. Firstly, the net profit does not take into account the $500,000 investments that were made by both Mr. Grant and JTL. Secondly, the terms of the long-term loan are not made clear nor did the negotiations include an amortization schedule. As well, a long-term plan has not been made based on expected increases in private Internet usage. Finally, the probability of each scenario being realized is a very important tool to determine the expected value of Mr. Grant’s decision. If each scenario is equally likely to occur than Mr. Grant will have an expected profit of $3,372,800. 01. Although simplistic, we can determine that the CIC has made an expected $1,122,800 in three years if the loan is fully paid off years and all investments are recuperated. If the CIC were to then dissolve, each investor would make a profit of $561,400 a return on investment rate of 28. 52% compounded annually as well as revenue generated from sale of capital (excluded from further analysis for simplicities sake). In conclusion, based on the information available, unless Mr. Grant can find another investment hat will provide a greater return on investment than 28. 52% compounded annually for the next 3 years, he should give the CIC the green light. Appendices Appendix 1: Fixed Costs Expense| Cost per year ($)| Manager| 480000| Rent| 360000| Telephone and utilities| 180000| Link to internet| 120000| Insurance| 120000| Advertising| 120000| Employee Wage| 374400| Misc. admin and maintenance| 600000| Interest on loan| 125000| Total| 247 9400| Appendix 2: Start-up Costs Expense| Cost ($)| Telephone and utilities| 7,000| Advertising| 20,000| Other up-front costs| 120,000| Equipment costs| 1,426,000| Total| 1,573,000| Appendix 3: Variable Costs Expense| Cost ($ per customer)| Food| 50| Beverages| 30| Internet Usage| 60| Total Average Variable Cost*| 104| *Calculated using a weighted average based on the assumption that 40% of customers will use the Internet for 1 hour Appendix 4: Variable Revenue Revenue| Revenue ($ per customer)| Food| 60| Beverages| 140| Internet Usage| 120| Total Average Variable Revenue*| 248| | | *Calculated using a weighted average based on the assumption that 40% of customers will use the Internet for 1 hour.